Technical Notes:

1. L igand for the Ru-catalyzed hydrogenation of ?-ketoesters, enamides and itaconates.

2. L igand for Cu-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate addition of Grignard reagents to cyclic enones .

3. AgOAc-catalyzed asymmetric amination of glycine Schiff bases with azodicarboxylates.

4. L igand for Asymmetric Cu-Catalyzed Reductive Aldol Cyclizations of Unsaturated Thioester Derivatives .

5. L igand for Enantioselective Cu-Catalyzed Reductive Coupling of Alkenylazaarenes with Ketones.

6. Ligand for Cu-Catalyzed As ymmetric Allylic Alkylation of Phosphonates and Phosphine ( xides.

7.L igand for Asymmetric Cu-C atalyzed Allylic Alkylation of Diene Bromides

8. L igand for Cu-Catalyzed Tandem Asymmetric Borylation of ?-Chloroalkyl AryI Ketones .

9. L igand for Regio- and E nantioselective Cu-Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation of Ortho-Substituted Cinnamyl