半岛bd体育手机客户端 说明
一般描述
Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization technique (FISH) is based on the hybridization of fluorescent labeled oligonucleotide probe to a specific complementary DNA or RNA sequence in whole and intact cells.1 Microbial FISH allows the visualization, identification and isolation of bacteria due to recognition of ribosomal RNA also in unculturable samples.2
FISH technique can serve as a powerful tool in the microbiome research field by allowing the observation of native microbial populations in diverse microbiome environments, such as samples from human origin (blood3 and tissue4), microbial ecology (solid biofilms5 and aquatic systems 6) and plants 7. It is strongly recommended to include positive and negative controls in FISH assays to ensure specific binding of the probe of interest and appropriate protocol conditions. We offer positive (MBD0032/33) and negative (MBD0034/35) control probes, that accompany the specific probe of interest.
Proteus probe specifically recognizes Proteus species (see images ofProteus vulgarisandProteus mirabilis). Moreover, it was shown that this probe recognizesProteus penneriandProteus hauseri.16
P. mirabilisandP. vulgarisare gram negative facultative anaerobic rod-shaped bacteria. Bacteria of the genus Proteus (Proteus spp.) of the family Enterobacteriaceae are opportunistic human pathogens, that often reside in the human intestine, and are responsible for wound and burn infections as well as skin, eye, ear, nose, throat, urinary tract, and gastrointestinal infections and bacteremias.8,9 Proteus genus that includesP. mirabilis,P. vulgaris,Proteus penneriandProteus hauseri, are widespread in the environment and often serve as an indicator for soil or water fecal pollution.9
P. mirabiliscauses up to 90% of all Proteus spp. infections and is more frequently associated with urinary tract infections thenP. vulgaris.9Proteus spp. have various virulence factors such as, fimbriae, flagella, enzymes (urease, proteases, and amino acid deaminases), and toxins (hemolysins and endotoxin).10
The most common infection involvingP.mirabilisoccurs when the bacteria, which is a member of the natural intestinal flora, moves to the urethra and urinary bladder causing urinary tract infection. The outer-membrane lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is considered an important virulence factor of Proteus.10 The immunological response againstP. mirabilisLPS might play a role in rheumatoid arthritis.11 A possible correlation between the abundance of
P.mirabilisin the intestine and obesity was suggested recently.12
P. vulgarisinhabits the intestinal tract of humans and animals and can be found in soil, water and feces.8 Moreover, it was also observed in fecal samples of healthy individuals.13
P. mirabilishas developed resistance to various classes of antibiotics, such as β-lactams aminoglycosides and tetracyclines.14 However,P. mirabilisstrains are generally more susceptible to antimicrobials than areP. vulgaris,
P. penneri, andP. hauseri.15
FISH technique was successfully used for clinical detection ofProteus spp. in artificial urine medium and urine samples from patients with UTIs. The probe was able to detect 11 strains ofP.mirabilis, 6 strains ofP. vulgaris, 2 strains ofP.penneriand one strain ofP. hauseri.16 The probe can also be used to detectP. mirabilisandP. vulgarispure culture (as described in the figure legends). FISH can also be implicated to detectProteus spp. in colon sections embedded in paraffin.17,18 Moreover, FISH can be implicated to identifyProteus spp. in the gut of the medicinal leech.19
应用
Probe for fluorescencein situhybridization (FISH),recognizesProteus vulgarisandProteus mirabiliscells.
特点和优势
半岛bd体育手机客户端 性质
| 质量水平 | 200 |
| 保质期 | 2 yr |
| 荧光 | λex550 nm; λem570 nm (Cy3) |
| 运输 | dry ice |
| 储存温度 | ?20℃ |
安全信息
| 储存分类代码 | 12 - Non Combustible Liquids |
| WGK | nwg |
| 闪点(F) | Not applicable |
| 闪点(C) | Not applicable |
Sigma-Aldrich
m.cnreagent.com
