Cell experiment:

A549 cells (3×103/well), BEAS-2B cells (5×103/well), and RBL-2H3 cells (3×103/well) are seeded in flat-bottomed 96-well plates overnight and then incubated with increasing concentrations (3-120 μM) of 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide or Andrographolide for 24 and 48 h at 37℃. Cell viability is analyzed using the CellTiter 96 AQueous cell proliferation assay. This MTS assay is based on the ability of viable cells to convert a soluble tetrazolium salt to a colored formazan product. Absorbance is recorded at 490 nm[1].

Animal experiment:

Mice[1] Female BALB/c mice, 6 to 8 weeks old, are sensitized and challenged with OVA. Briefly, mice are sensitized by ip injections of 20 μg of OVA and 4 mg of Al(OH)3 suspended in 0.1 mL of saline on days 0 and 14. On days 22, 23, and 24, mice are challenged with 1% OVA aerosol for 30 min. 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (0.1, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg) or vehicle (1% DMSO) in 0.1 mL of saline is given by ip injections 2 h before and 10 h after each OVA aerosol challenge. Saline aerosol is used as a negative control.

14-Deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide is an analogue of Andrographolide that can be isolated from A. paniculata. 14-Deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide inhibits NF-κB activation.

14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide, a naturally occurring noncytotoxic analogue of Andrographolide, effectively reduces Ovalbumin (OVA)-induced inflammatory cell recruitment into bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and eotaxin production, serum IgE synthesis, pulmonary eosinophilia, mucus hypersecretion, mast cell degranulation, and airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) in a mouse asthma model, probably via inhibition of NF-κB activity[1].

14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (1 mg/kg) dramatically reduces resistance (Rl) and restores Cdyn in OVA-challenged mice in response to methacholine[1].

References:
[1]. Guan SP, et al. Protective role of 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide, a noncytotoxic analogue ofandrographolide, in allergic airway inflammation. J Nat Prod. 2011 Jun 24;74(6):1484-90.