1銆乸H娴嬮噺鍏ラ棬

1.1 閰告€ф垨纰辨€?/span>

涓轰粈涔堟垜浠妸閱嬪垪涓洪吀绫?鍘熷洜鏄唻涓惈鏈夎繃閲忕殑姘村悎姘㈢瀛?H₃O⁺)锛屾憾娑蹭腑杩囬噺鐨勬按鍚堟阿绂诲瓙锛屼細浣挎憾娑插憟閰告€с€傜浉鍙嶅惈鏈夎繃閲忔阿姘ф牴绂诲瓙(OH^{鈥掽/sup>)鐨勬憾娑诧紝鍒欏憟纰辨€с€傚湪绾按浣撶郴涓按鍚堟阿绂诲瓙鍜屾阿姘ф牴绂诲瓙鐩镐簰涓拰銆傛垜浠О杩欑婧舵恫鐨刾H 鍊间负涓€с€侟/span>}

H₃O⁺+ OH^{鈥掽/sup> ? 2 H₂O}

鍥?. 閰镐笌纰卞舰鎴愭按鐨勫弽搴擖/span>

鍑℃槸鑳介噴鏀惧嚭姘㈢瀛愭垨璐ㄥ瓙鐨勭墿璐ㄥ彨閰革紝姝ゆ憾娑插嵆涓洪吀鎬с€傜洂閰搞€佺～閰搞€侀唻閰告垨閱嬫槸涓€浜涗紬鎵€鍛ㄧ煡鐨勯吀銆備互涓嬫槸閱嬮吀鐨勫垎瑙ｅ紡锛欬/span>

CH₃COOH + H₂O ? CH₃COO^{鈥掽/sup> + H₃O+}

鍥?. 閱嬮吀鐨勫垎瑙ｅ紡

涓嶆槸姣忎竴绉嶉吀鐨勯吀鎬ч兘涓€鏍峰己銆傛憾娑茬殑纭垏閰稿害锛屾槸鐢辨憾娑蹭腑姘㈢瀛愭€绘暟鎵€鍐冲畾鐨勩€俻H鍊艰瀹氫箟涓烘憾娑蹭腑姘㈢瀛愭祿搴︾殑璐熷鏁?鍑嗙‘鍦拌锛宲H鏄敱婧舵恫涓阿绂诲瓙鐨勬椿搴︽墍鍐冲畾)銆侟/span>

pH = 鈥搇og [H₃O⁺]

鍥?. pH鍊艰绠楀叕寮廃/span>

閫氳繃pH鍊兼祴閲忥紝鐗╄川鐨勯吀纰卞害鍙互杩涜閲忓寲銆傚浘4鍒楀嚭浜嗕竴浜涙棩甯哥敤鍝佸拰鍖栧鍒跺搧鐨刾H鍊笺€侟/span>

鍥?. 鏃ュ父鐢ㄥ搧鍜屽寲瀛﹀搧鐨刾H 鍊稽/em>

pH 7鑷?4灞炰簬纰辨€ц寖鍥达紝鍦ㄦ鑼冨洿涓阿姘ф牴绂诲瓙(OH^-)杩囬噺銆傝繖绉嶆憾娑茬殑pH鍊兼槸鐢辨憾浜庢按婧舵恫鐨勭⒈鍩烘墍閫犳垚鐨勶紝纰卞熀鍒嗚В閲婃斁鍑虹殑姘㈡哀鏍圭瀛愪娇婧舵恫鍛堢⒈鎬с€傛阿姘у寲閽犮€佹皑姘村拰纰抽吀鐩愭槸浼楁墍鍛ㄧ煡鐨勭⒈銆侟/span>

NH₃+ H₂O ? NH₄⁺+ OH^鈥掽/sup>

鍥?. 姘ㄥ拰姘寸殑鍙嶅簲寮廃/span>

姘存憾娑茬殑pH鑼冨洿鍖呮嫭閰告€ц寖鍥村拰纰辨€ц寖鍥达紝鏁板€间粠0鑷?4銆俻H 0鑷?绉颁负閰告€э紝 pH7鑷?4绉颁负纰辨€э紝pH涓?鏃讹紝鍒欑О涓轰腑鎬с€侟/span>

1.2 涓轰粈涔堥渶瑕佹祴閲弍H

娴嬮噺pH涓昏鏈変互涓嬪嚑涓師鍥狅細

? 鍒堕€犳€ц川绋冲畾鐨勪骇鍝 鈥 鐢熶骇杩囩▼涓紝涓轰簡纭繚寰楀埌鎵€鏈熸湜鐨勪骇鍝侊紝璋冩帶pH鍊艰嚦鍏抽噸瑕併€俻H鍊艰兘鏄庢樉鐨勬敼鍙樻渶缁堜骇鍝佺殑鎬х姸涓庡彛鍛炽€侟/span>

? 鍑忓皯鐢熶骇鎴愭湰 鈥 杩欏拰涓婅堪鐨勫師鍥犵浉鍏炽€傚鏋滃湪鐗瑰畾鐨刾H锛屼骇閲忚兘杈惧埌鏈€楂橈紝褰撶劧鐢熶骇鐨勬垚鏈嚜鐒跺氨鑺傜害浜嗐€侟/span>

? 鍑忓皯瀵逛汉绫汇€佽祫浜у拰鐜鐨勫嵄瀹 鈥 鏈変簺浜х墿鍦ㄧ壒瀹氱殑pH浼氫骇鐢熷嵄瀹虫€с€備负浜嗕繚鎶や汉绫讳笌璧勪骇鐨勫畨鍏紝鎴戜滑瀵规帓鏀惧埌鐜涓殑鏈夊鐗╄川搴斾弗鏍兼帶鍒躲€傚垽鏂墿璐ㄦ槸鍚︽湁鍗卞鎬э紝绗竴姝ュ氨鏄祴閲忓畠鐨刾H 鍊笺€侟/span>

? 瀹炵幇绠＄悊娉曡鐨勮姹 鈥 濡備笂鎵€杩帮紝涓€浜涗骇鐗╁叿鏈夊嵄瀹虫€с€傛斂搴滄満鏋勪负淇濇姢浜烘皯鍏嶅彈鍗遍櫓鐗╄川鐨勪激瀹筹紝鍒惰鐩稿簲鐨勭鐞嗘硶瑙勩€侟/span>

? 淇濇姢璁惧銆佽鏂 鈥 鐢熶骇绾夸笂涓€浜涚敓浜ц澶囩洿鎺ュ拰鍙嶅簲鐗╂帴瑙︼紝濡傛灉涓嶉€傚綋鍦版帶鍒秔H鍊硷紝灏变細閫犳垚璁惧鑵愯殌銆傚洜姝や负浜嗛伩鍏嶈厫铓€閫犳垚鐨勭敓浜х嚎瀵垮懡鍑忕煭锛屾垜浠簲璇ュpH 杩涜鐩戞帶銆侟/span>

? 杩涜鐮斿彂 鈥 鍦ㄧ爺鍙戣繃绋嬩腑锛屾瘮濡傜爺绌剁敓鐗╁寲瀛﹀伐鑹猴紝pH鍊兼槸涓€涓潪甯搁噸瑕佺殑鍙傝€冨弬鏁帮紝寰€寰€浼氬奖鍝嶆渶鍚庣爺绌剁殑鎴愭灉銆侟/span>

浠ヤ笂杩欎簺渚嬪瓙浠嬬粛浜嗗悇绉嶅簲鐢ㄤ腑pH 鐨勯噸瑕佹€э紝瑙ｉ噴浜唒H涓轰粈涔堥渶瑕佹祴閲忋€侟/span>

1.3 pH娴嬮噺宸ュ叿

娴嬮噺pH蹇呴』浣跨敤瀵规阿绂诲瓙鏁忔劅鐨勬寚绀虹數鏋併€傛祴閲忕殑鍘熺悊鏄娇鐢ㄤ竴涓姘㈢瀛愭劅搴旂殑鐜荤拑鑶滅數鏋侊紝妫€娴嬬數鏋佷笌鏍峰搧婧舵恫闂翠骇鐢熺殑淇″彿銆傜劧鑰岋紝鍗曞崟鏈塸H鐢垫瀬鐨勬寚绀虹數浣嶆槸涓嶅鐨勶紝鎴戜滑杩橀渶瑕佺浜岀數鏋併€傜浜岀數鏋佸彲浠ヤ负鎸囩ず鐢垫瀬鎻愪緵绋冲畾鐨勫弬姣斾俊鍙锋垨鐢典綅銆侟/span>

娴嬮噺pH鍊煎繀椤讳竴璧蜂娇鐢ㄨ繖涓ょ涓嶅悓鐢典綅鐨勭數鏋併€俻H鐢垫瀬鏍规嵁姘㈢瀛愭祿搴﹁€屼骇鐢熺數淇″彿锛岀數淇″彿鐨勫ぇ灏忓喅瀹氫簡婧舵恫鐨勯吀纰卞害銆侟/span>

鍙傛瘮鐢垫瀬鍒欏姘㈢瀛愭祿搴︽棤鍝嶅簲锛屽洜姝ゅ彲浠ヤ负pH鎸囩ず鐢垫瀬鎻愪緵鐩稿悓銆佺ǔ瀹氱殑鐢典綅銆備袱鐢垫瀬闂寸殑鐢典綅鍙喅瀹氭憾娑茬殑pH鍊硷紝鍗虫憾娑蹭腑姘㈢瀛愮殑鏁伴噺銆傜數浣嶄笌婧舵恫涓阿绂诲瓙娴撳害鍛堢嚎鎬у嚱鏁板叧绯伙紝鍑芥暟鍏紡瑙佸浘6锛欬/span>

E = E₀+ 2.3RT / nF 脳 log [H₃O⁺]

E = 娴嬮噺鐢典綅

E0 = 甯告暟

R = 姘斾綋甯告暟

T = 寮€姘忔俯搴?/span>

n = 绂诲瓙浠锋暟

F = 娉曟媺绗父鏁?/span>

鍥?. 婧舵恫涓阿绂诲瓙娴撳害涓巔H鐢垫瀬鐨勮緭鍑虹數浣嶇殑鍏崇郴銆侟/span>

鍥?. pH鐢垫瀬鍜屽弬姣旂數鏋佹祴閲廃/span>

鍥?涓 pH娴嬮噺鐢变袱涓嫭绔嬬殑鐢垫瀬缁勬垚锛屽鍥句腑鐨刾H鎸囩ず鐢垫瀬鍜屽弬姣旂數鏋併€傚浠婁袱涓嫭绔嬬殑鐢垫瀬鍚堝苟涓轰竴鏀鍚堢數鏋佸凡缁忓崄鍒嗘櫘閬嶃€侟/span>

杩欎笁绉嶇數鏋佸悇鏈夌壒鐐瑰拰鍏跺簲鐢ㄩ鍩熴€侟/span>

a) pH鐢垫瀬

pH鐢垫瀬鏄洿鎺ュ搷搴旀憾娑蹭腑pH鐨勯儴鍒嗐€傚畠鐢辩幓鐠冩潌鍜屽簳绔殑鐜荤拑姘㈢瀛愭晱鎰熻啘缁勬垚銆傛晱鎰熻啘涓庢按鎬ф憾娑叉帴瑙︽椂锛屽叾澶栭儴浼氬舰鎴愪竴灞傚嚌鑳跺眰銆傚悓鏃剁敱浜庣數鏋佸唴閮ㄥ厖婊℃按鎬х數瑙ｈ川婧舵恫锛岃啘鍐呴儴涔熸湁涓€灞傚嚌鑳躲€傚嚌鑳跺眰鐨勫疄渚嬭瑙佷笅鍥撅細

鍥?. 鐜荤拑鑶滅晫闈㈠浘

鍑濊兌灞傚唴鍜屽懆鍥寸殑姘㈢瀛愭牴鎹祴璇曟憾娑蹭腑姘㈢瀛愮殑娴撳害鍗硃H涓嶅悓锛屼細鍙戠敓娓楀嚭鎴栨笚鍏ュ嚌鑳跺眰銆傚鏋滄憾娑叉槸纰辨€х殑锛孒+浼氬悜澶栨笚鍑猴紝鑶滃灏卞舰鎴愪簡璐熺數鑽枫€傜敱浜庣幓鐠冪數鏋佸唴閮ㄧ殑鐢佃В娑叉嫢鏈夋亽瀹氱殑pH鍊硷紝娴嬮噺杩囩▼涓啘鍐呴儴琛ㄩ潰鐨勭數浣嶄繚鎸佹亽瀹氥€傚姝ら€犳垚浜唒H鐢垫瀬鐨勫唴閮ㄥ拰澶栭儴鐨勭數鑽蜂笉鍚屻€傛爣鍑唒H鐢垫瀬绀烘剰鍥惧鍥?鎵€绀恒€侟/span>

鍥?. 鏍囧噯pH鐢垫瀬鐨勭粨鏋勫浘

b) 鍙傛瘮鐢垫瀬

鍙傛瘮鐢垫瀬鍙互涓簆H鐢垫瀬鐨勭數浣嶇殑娴嬮噺鎻愪緵涓€涓‘鍒囥€佺ǔ瀹氱殑鍙傛瘮鐢典綅銆備负浜嗚揪鍒拌繖涓洰鐨勶紝鍙傛瘮鐢垫瀬闇€瑕佺敱瀵笻+鏃犳劅搴旂殑鐜荤拑鍒舵垚銆傚苟涓斿弬姣旂數鏋佹蹈鍏ユ牱鍝佹憾娑叉椂濉厖鍙ｅ繀椤讳繚鎸佹暈寮€銆備负姝ゅ弬姣旂數鏋佷笂闇€鍒舵垚寮€鏀惧紡鎴栨帴瑙﹀紡娑茬粶閮紝纭繚鍐呴儴婧舵恫鎴栧弬姣旂數瑙ｆ恫鑳芥笚鍏ユ牱鍝佷腑銆傛纭殑娴嬮噺鏃讹紝鍙傛瘮鐢垫瀬鍜宲H鍗婄數姹犲繀椤绘蹈鍏ョ浉鍚岀殑婧舵恫涓€備互涓嬫槸鍏稿瀷鐨勫弬姣旂數鏋佺粨鏋勫浘锛欬/span>

鍥?0. 鍙傛瘮鐢垫瀬鍖呮嫭鍙傛瘮鐢佃В娑层€佸弬姣斿绾垮拰娑茬粶閮?/em>

鐢垫瀬鐨勭粨鏋勫寘鎷蹈娌″湪纭畾鐨勫唴鍙傛瘮鐢佃В娑蹭腑鐨勫绾匡紝鍐呭弬姣旀恫閫氳繃娑茬粶閮ㄩ棿鎺ュ湴鍜屾牱鍝佹憾娑叉帴瑙︼紝鎺ヨЕ閮ㄥ垎鍙互纭繚绋冲畾鐨勭數浣嶃€傚弬姣旂郴缁熷叡鏈夊绉嶏紝鐩墠浣跨敤鏈€澶氱殑鏄疉g/AgCl鍙傛瘮绯荤粺銆傚弬姣旂數瑙ｆ恫鍜孉g/AgCl鍙傛瘮瀵肩嚎鍐冲畾浜嗘鍙傛瘮绯荤粺鐨勭數浣嶃€備负浜嗗緱鍒扮郴缁熺殑浣庣數闃伙紝鍙傛瘮鐢佃В娑插繀椤讳繚鎸侀珮绂诲瓙娴撳害銆侟/span>

鐢变簬娴嬮噺杩囩▼涓弬姣旂數瑙ｆ恫闇€娴佸叆鏍峰搧婧舵恫锛屾垜浠繀椤诲綋蹇冨弬姣旂數瑙ｆ恫涓庢牱鍝佹憾娑插彂鐢熷寲瀛﹀弽搴旓紝閬垮厤鍖栧鍙嶅簲褰卞搷鐢垫瀬鐘舵€佸拰娴嬮噺缁撴灉銆侟/span>

c) 澶嶅悎鐢垫瀬

澶嶅悎鐢垫瀬(鍥?1)姣旇捣涓や釜鐙珛鐨勫崐鐢垫睜鐢垫瀬锛屾搷浣滄洿渚挎嵎锛屽浠婁娇鐢ㄩ潪甯告櫘閬嶃€傚鍚堢數鏋佷腑锛宲H鏁忔劅鐜荤拑鐢垫瀬浣嶄簬涓棿锛屽鍥磋鍏呮弧浜嗗弬姣旂數瑙ｆ恫鐨勫弬姣旂數鏋佹墍鍖呭洿銆傚鍚堢數鏋佷腑鐨刾H鐢垫瀬鍜屽弬姣旂數鏋侀儴鍒嗗拰鐙珛鐨勭數鏋佹嫢鏈夊悓鏍风殑鍔熻兘锛屽敮涓€鐨勫尯鍒槸鎶婄嫭绔嬬殑鐢垫瀬鏁村悎涓轰竴鏀數鏋侊紝鏇翠究浜庝娇鐢ㄣ€傚彧鏈夊綋pH鐢垫瀬鍜屽弬姣旂數鏋佷袱鑰呯殑浣跨敤瀵垮懡鐩稿樊寰堝ぇ锛屾墠鎺ㄨ崘浣跨敤鐙珛鐨勭數鏋併€侟/span>

鏇翠究鎹风殑鐢垫瀬鏄湪澶嶅悎鐢垫瀬涓姞鍏ユ俯搴︽帰澶达紝杩欐牱灏辫兘绠€鍗曠殑杩涜娓╁害琛ュ伩锛岃繖绉嶇數鏋佺О涓?鍚?鐢垫瀬銆侟/span>

鍥?1. 鍏稿瀷鐨勫鍚堢數鏋佸寘鎷唴閮╬H鐢垫瀬鍜屽閮ㄥ弬姣旂數鏋?/em>

1.4 姝ｇ‘娴嬮噺pH鎸囧崡

pH娴嬮噺鐨勫伐鍏烽潪甯哥畝鍗曘€佹槗鐢ㄣ€佸彧瑕佹纭湴鎿嶄綔鍗宠兘寰楀埌鍙潬鏁版嵁銆備互涓嬫垜浠皢璁ㄨ鍑犱釜閲嶈鐨勬寚瀵兼柟閽堛€傚叧浜庡浣曞緱鍒版纭拰绮剧‘鐨刾H娴嬮噺鐨勫垎姝ユ祴閲忔寚瀵煎皢鍦ㄦ湰鑺傛渶鍚庝粙缁嶃€侟/span>

a) 鏍峰搧鐨勫噯澶嘃/span>

褰撳噯澶囨牱鍝佹椂锛屾湁涓€鐐瑰繀椤昏€冭檻锛岄偅灏辨槸娓╁害銆傛祴閲忔牱鍝佺殑娓╁害鎴栦繚鎸佹俯搴﹀父鏁板湪涓€涓凡鐭ュ€兼槸闈炲父蹇呰鐨勩€傝繖鏄洜涓簆H鍊间笌娓╁害鏈夊叧锛宲H鐢垫瀬缁欏嚭鐨勬槸鐢辨俯搴︽墍鍐冲畾鐨勬祴閲忕粨鏋溿€傚彧瑕佽褰曟俯搴﹀苟杩涜娓╁害琛ュ伩锛岃繖涓棶棰樺氨鑳借В鍐充簡銆侟/span>

寮€濮嬫祴閲弍H涔嬪墠锛屾悈鎷屾牱鍝佺‘淇濇牱鍝佸潎涓€鎬э紝閬垮厤鐢垫瀬鎵€鍦ㄩ儴浣嶄笉鍚岋紝鑰岄€犳垚鐨勭粨鏋滀笉鍚屻€傚鍣ㄤ腑鐨勬牱鍝侀渶瑕佽冻澶熺殑閲忥紝杩欐牱鎵嶈兘鎶婂弬姣旂數鏋佺殑娑茬粶閮ㄥ畬鍏ㄦ蹈鍏ユ牱鍝佷腑銆傚繀椤讳繚璇佸弬姣旂數鏋佸拰澶栭儴鏍峰搧鎺ヨЕ锛岀數瑙ｆ恫鑳芥笚鍏ユ牱鍝併€傚綋鐒秔H娴嬮噺闇€瑕佹寜鐓LP鐨勮姹備娇鐢ㄥ悎閫傘€佸共鍑€銆佽创鏈夋爣绛剧殑鐜荤拑鍣ㄧ毧銆侟/span>

b) 鏍″噯

pH鐢垫瀬闇€瑕佹湁瑙勫緥鍦拌繘琛屾牎鍑嗐€傛瘡澶╄嚦灏戞牎鍑嗕竴娆★紝鏄渶鎭板綋鐨勩€傛牎鍑嗗悗鍙‘瀹氱數鏋佺殑鏂滅巼鍜岄浂鐐广€侟/span>

鐞嗚鏂滅巼鍜岄浂鐐瑰彲鐢 Nernst 鏂圭▼寮忓緱鍑国

E = E₀+ 2.3RT / nF 脳 log [H₃O⁺] = E₀鈥 2.3RT / nF 脳 pH

鏂滅巼 = 2.3RT / nF

闆剁偣 = 0 mV 锛 pH 7.00鏃迭/span>

鍥?2. pH鐢垫瀬鐨勬枩鐜囧拰闆剁偣

涓轰簡寰楀埌姝ｇ‘鐨勬祴閲忕粨鏋滐紝鏍″噯鐢垫瀬鐨勬枩鐜囧拰闆剁偣鏄繀涓嶅彲灏戠殑銆傛牎鍑嗘洸绾垮彲浠ヤ娇鐢垫瀬娴嬮噺鐨刴V鍊间笌婧舵恫鐨刾H鍊间竴涓€鍏宠仈銆侟/span>

鍥?3. pH鐢垫瀬娴嬮噺mV鍊间笌婧舵恫pH鍊煎叧鑱斿浘

璇ュ浘鏄剧ず浜嗙悊璁哄€兼洸绾裤€侀浂鐐规牎鍑嗘洸绾裤€佹枩鐜囬浂鐐规牎鍑嗘洸绾军/span>

鐢变簬姣忔敮鐢垫瀬閮芥湁鍏剁壒寰佹€х殑闆剁偣鍜屾枩鐜囷紝涓轰簡寰楀埌鍙潬鍜岀簿纭殑缁撴灉锛屾渶灏戜袱鐐规牎鍑嗘槸蹇呬笉鍙皯鐨勩€傚綋瑕佹祴閲忓ぇ鑼冨洿鐨刾H鍊兼椂锛屽垯灏遍渶瑕佽繘琛岃嚦灏?鐐规牎鍑嗐€傚ぇ澶氭暟鐨刾H浠〃鍙互杩涜3-5鐐规牎鍑嗐€傚悓鏃舵墍娴嬮噺鐨勬牱鍝乸H鍊艰惤鍦ㄦ墍閫夋嫨鏍囧噯娑蹭箣涓篃鏄潪甯搁噸瑕佺殑銆侟/span>

鍦ㄧ數鏋佽繘琛屾牎鍑嗘椂锛屽ぇ澶氭暟鐨刾H浠〃闇€瑕佽緭鍏ユ墍鐢ㄧ紦鍐叉恫鐨勬暟鍊笺€傛湁涓€浜涘巶瀹跺拰甯哥敤鍝佺墝鐨勭紦鍐叉恫缁勯€氬父鍦ㄤ华琛ㄤ腑浼氱紪鍒舵垚琛ㄣ€傝繖浜涜〃鏍兼兜鐩栦簡涓嶅悓娓╁害涓嬬紦鍐叉恫鐨刾H鍊笺€傝繖鏍凤紝鏍″噯鏃跺彧闇€閫夋嫨涓€娆＄紦鍐叉恫缁勶紝灏卞寘鎷缂撳啿娑茬粍鍚勪釜娓╁害涓嬬殑pH鍊笺€傛鐗瑰嫆-鎵樺埄澶氱紦鍐叉恫缁勭殑琛ㄨ瑙侀檮褰?.1銆傚鏋滄病鏈変娇鐢ㄦ俯搴︽帰澶达紝闇€瑕佺‘淇濆湪鍚屼竴娓╁害涓嬭繘琛屾牎鍑嗗拰娴嬮噺銆傝繖绉嶆儏鍐典笅闇€瑕佹墜鍔ㄨ緭鍏ユ俯搴︼紝鍏佽浠〃瀵圭紦鍐叉恫娓╁害杩涜淇銆侟/span>

鐢ㄤ簬鏍″噯鐨勭紦鍐叉恫鏄潪甯哥簿纭殑婧舵恫锛屾嫢鏈夊浐瀹氱殑鏁板€煎拰绮惧害銆侟/span>

缂撳啿娑茬摱寮€灏佸悗锛屼负浜嗕繚璇佹牎鍑嗙殑鍑嗙‘鎬э紝璇蜂緷鐓т互涓嬬殑浣跨敤瑙勭▼锛欬/span>

? 绗竴娆′娇鐢ㄧ紦鍐叉恫鏃讹紝鍦ㄥ寘瑁呬笂鏍囨槑鏃ユ湡銆侟/span>

? 淇濊瘉缂撳啿娑插寘瑁呯殑瀵嗗皝鎬э紝绔嬪嵆浣跨敤鍊掑嚭鐨勭紦鍐叉恫銆侟/span>

? 缁濆涓嶈鎶婁娇鐢ㄨ繃鐨勭紦鍐叉恫鍊掑洖鍘熺摱锛屾垨鎶婁笉鍚屽巶瀹剁殑缂撳啿娑叉贩鍚堝湪涓€璧枫€侟/span>

? 纭繚娌℃湁姹℃煋鐗╄繘鍏ョ摱涓紝淇濊瘉鍖呰鐨勫瘑灏併€侟/span>

? 甯告俯涓嬪偍瀛樼紦鍐叉恫銆侟/span>

? 鍌ㄥ瓨鏃堕伩鍏嶉槼鍏夌洿灏勩€侟/span>

? 鏍″噯鍓嶈娓呮礂鐢垫瀬锛屼笉瑕佸湪鍘熺摱涓洿鎺ユ牎鍑嗐€侟/span>

? 缁濆涓嶈浣跨敤杩囨湡鐨勬垨姹℃煋鐨勭紦鍐叉恫锛岃鏇存崲鏂扮殑缂撳啿娑层€侟/span>

鍦ㄦ瘡娆℃竻娲併€佺淮鎶ゃ€佸啀鐢熸垨闀挎椂闂村偍瀛樹笉鐢ㄥ悗锛岄兘浼氬鐢垫瀬鐢典綅浜х敓褰卞搷锛屽繀椤诲啀娆℃牎鍑嗐€侟/span>

c) pH鐢垫瀬

pH鐢垫瀬鍐冲畾浜唒H娴嬮噺鐨勫噯纭€э紝鎵€浠H鐢垫瀬鐘舵€佽嚦鍏抽噸瑕併€傚洜姝や负浜嗗欢闀縫H鐢垫瀬鐨勪娇鐢ㄥ鍛藉拰缁撴灉鐨勭簿纭€э紝鐢垫瀬鐨勬棩甯哥淮鎶ら潪甯搁噸瑕併€侟/span>

濡傛灉鐢垫瀬浣跨敤鍚庝笉杩涜娓呮礂鎴栭暱鏃堕棿蹇界暐鐢垫瀬缁存姢锛岀數鏋佸皢涓嶅啀鍑嗙‘锛岀郴缁熺殑绮剧‘鎬т篃寰堝揩涓嬮檷銆傝繖鐐硅〃鐜颁负鐢垫瀬鏂滅巼閫愭涓嬮檷銆侟/span>

褰撴枩鐜囦笅闄嶈嚦浣庝簬50 mV/pH(绛変簬鏂滅巼85%)鎴栭浂鐐硅秴杩嚶 30 mV锛屼竴浜涘鐞嗘柟娉曞彲浠ヤ娇鐢垫瀬鎭㈠鍒伴鏈熺殑鎬ц兘锛屼絾涓轰簡娴嬮噺缁撴灉鐨勫噯纭€э紝杩樻槸闇€瑕佹洿鎹㈡柊鐨勭數鏋併€傝€屼笖鍖呮嫭閿欒鐨勭淮鎶わ紝鍙傛瘮娑茬粶閮ㄥ牭濉烇紝鐢佃В娑叉祦澶憋紝鐜荤拑鐞冩薄鏌擄紝浣跨敤閿欒鐨勬牎鍑嗙紦鍐叉恫锛岄兘鍙兘瀵艰嚧鐢垫瀬鏂滅巼鍜屾€ц兘涓嬮檷銆侟/span>

鏇村璇︾粏鐨勭數鏋佺淮鎶よ鐪嬬珷鑺?.

娓╁害瀵逛簬鐢垫瀬涔熸槸涓€涓噸瑕佺殑褰卞搷鍥犵礌銆傜數鏋佹祴閲忔牱鍝佺殑鐢典綅閮ㄥ垎鍙栧喅浜庢牱鍝佺殑娓╁害銆傜敱浜庡凡鐭ユ俯搴﹀pH鍛堢嚎鎬у叧绯伙紝鎵€浠ュ彲浠ヨ繘琛岃ˉ鍋裤€傜劧鑰屽綋鐢垫瀬涓庢牱鍝侀棿瀛樺湪娓╁害姊害锛屽氨浼氬嚭鐜颁竴涓棶棰橈紝瀵艰嚧pH娴嬮噺鐨勬紓绉伙紝鐩村埌鐢垫瀬娓╁害涓庢牱鍝佹俯搴︾浉鍚岋紝鎵嶈兘鑾峰緱绋冲畾鐨勮鏁般€傚鏋滄病鏈夊彂鐜拌繖绉嶆俯搴︿笂鐨勫樊寮傦紝灏变細琛ㄧ幇涓烘祴閲忎笉绋冲畾銆傝嫢杩欑涓嶇ǔ瀹氭病鏈夎鍙戠幇锛屽垯杩涜鐨勬槸闈炲钩琛＄殑pH娴嬪畾銆侟/span>

d) 棰勬湡娴嬮噺鐨勭簿纭害

娴嬮噺鐨勭簿纭害鍙楀埌澶氱鍥犵礌褰卞搷锛屽寘鎷牎鍑嗘椂缂撳啿娑茬殑绮惧害锛屾槸鍚︿娇鐢ㄤ簡娓╁害琛ュ伩锛屾槸鍚︿娇鐢ㄤ簡鍚堥€傜殑鐢垫瀬锛屾槸鍚︽湁鍏呰冻鐨勬椂闂存祴閲? 鏄惁閫夋嫨浜嗘纭殑缁堢偣涓庢祴閲忔ā寮忕瓑绛夈€傚綋杩欎簺鍥犵礌寰楀埌浜嗗厖鍒嗙殑鑰冭檻锛屾墍娴嬮噺鐨勭簿搴﹁宸皬浜幝 0.05銆侟/span>

pH娴嬮噺鍒嗘鎸囧

姝ゅ垎姝ユ寚瀵间互澶嶅悎pH鐢垫瀬涓轰緥銆傚鏋滀娇鐢ㄥ崟鐙殑pH鐢垫瀬鍜屽弬姣旂數鏋侊紝纭繚涓よ€呰繛鎺ュ湪鍚屼竴浠〃涓婏紝娴稿叆鍦ㄥ悓鏍风殑娴嬮噺鏍峰搧涓€侟/span>

鍑嗗

1) 閫夋嫨閫傚悎鏍峰搧鐨勭數鏋併€侟/span>

2) 杩炴帴鐢垫瀬鍜屾俯搴︽帰澶磋嚦浠〃銆侟/span>

鏍″噯

3) 鎵撳紑pH浠〃骞堕€夋嫨姝ｇ‘鐨勬牎鍑嗙紦鍐叉恫缁勬垨缂撳啿娑插€笺€侟/span>

4) 濡傛灉娌℃湁杩炴帴娓╁害鎺㈠ご锛岃缃墜鍔ㄦ俯搴﹁ˉ鍋裤€侟/span>

5) 濡傛灉娌℃湁鑷姩娓╁害琛ュ伩锛岃皟鎺ф纭殑缂撳啿娑叉俯搴︺€侟/span>

6) 鍦ㄥ共鍑€鐨勭儳鏉腑鍊掑叆瓒冲閲忕殑缂撳啿婧舵恫锛屽噯澶囨牎鍑嗐€侟/span>

7) 淇濊瘉鎵€浣跨敤缂撳啿娑叉牎鍑嗛『搴忥紝闄ら潪pH浠〃鎷ユ湁缂撳啿娑茶嚜鍔ㄨ瘑鍒姛鑳?鎵€鏈夌殑姊呯壒鍕?鎵樺埄澶歱H浠〃閮芥嫢鏈夌紦鍐叉恫鑷姩璇嗗埆鍔熻兘)銆侟/span>

8) 浠庢敮鏋朵笂鍙栦笅鐢垫瀬锛屾鏌ョ數鏋佹槸鍚︽湁鏄庢樉鐨勯棶棰樸€傜‘淇濈數瑙ｆ恫濉厖鍙ｅ紑鍚紝鐢垫瀬鍐呴儴涓哄父鍘嬶紝淇濊瘉鐢佃В娑茬紦鎱㈠湴娓楀叆鏍峰搧涓€侟/span>

9) 浣跨敤钂搁姘存垨鍘荤瀛愭按鍐叉礂鐢垫瀬銆侟/span>

10) 杞昏交鐨勬悈鎷岀涓€涓紦鍐叉恫锛屽苟鎶婄數鏋佹蹈鍏ュ叾涓€侟/span>

11) 杞绘寜pH浠〃鐨勬牎鍑嗛敭銆侟/span>

12) 绛夊緟鏁板€肩ǔ瀹氥€傛鐗瑰嫆-鎵樺埄澶氫华琛ㄩ兘鏈夎嚜鍔ㄧ粓鐐规ā寮忥紝鏁板€肩ǔ瀹氬悗锛屼华琛ㄦ樉绀轰細鑷姩閿佸畾銆侟/span>

13) 浠庣紦鍐叉恫涓彇鍑虹數鏋佸苟娓呮礂銆侟/span>

14) 杞昏交鐨勬悈鎷岀浜屼釜缂撳啿娑诧紝骞舵妸鐢垫瀬娴稿叆鍏朵腑銆侟/span>

15) 杞绘寜pH浠〃鐨勬牎鍑嗛敭銆侟/span>

16) 绛夊緟娴嬮噺缁堢偣锛屽睆骞曡嚜鍔ㄩ攣瀹氥€侟/span>

17) 浠庣紦鍐叉恫涓彇鍑虹數鏋佸苟娓呮礂銆侟/span>

18) 杩涜绗笁鐐规牎鍑嗭紝閲嶅8)鈥?1)姝ラ. 鏍″噯缁撴潫鍚庯紝杞绘寜浠〃鐩稿叧鐨勯敭濡傝鏁伴敭锛岄€€鍑烘牎鍑嗙▼搴忋€侟/span>

19) 鏌ヨ浠〃涓殑鏍″噯缁撴灉銆侟/span>

20) 淇濆瓨鏍″噯缁撴灉銆侟/span>

21) 浠庣紦鍐叉恫涓彇鍑虹數鏋佸苟娓呮礂锛屾斁鍦ㄦ敮鏋朵笂淇濆瓨銆侟/span>

娴嬮噺

22) 鍦ㄧ儳鏉腑鍊掑叆瓒冲閲忕殑鏍峰搧婧舵恫淇濊瘉鐢垫瀬鍜屾恫缁滈儴娴稿叆鏍峰搧銆侟/span>

23) 淇濊瘉宸茬煡鏍峰搧鐨勬俯搴︽垨鍙互閫氳繃鍐呯疆娓╁害鎺㈠ご娴嬪緱娓╁害銆侟/span>

24) 杞昏交鍦版悈鎷屾牱鍝佹憾娑诧紝骞舵妸鐢垫瀬娴稿叆鏍峰搧銆侟/span>

25) 濡傛灉鏍峰搧鐨勬俯搴︿笌鐢垫瀬娓╁害鐩稿樊澶锛岀‘淇濇俯搴︽搴︽墍閫犳垚鐨勬紓绉诲凡缁忓仠姝紝鐒跺悗鎵嶈鍙杙H鍊笺€侟/span>

26) 杞绘寜浠〃娴嬮噺閿紝绛夊緟缁堢偣绋冲畾銆侟/span>

27) 鍙栧嚭鐢垫瀬锛岀敤钂搁姘存垨鍘荤瀛愭按鍐叉礂銆侟/span>

28) 澶氫釜鏍峰搧閲嶅1)鈥?)姝ラ锛屾牱鍝佸叏閮ㄦ祴閲忕粨鏉熴€侟/span>

29) 娴嬮噺缁撴潫鍚庯紝鐢ㄨ捀棣忔按鎴栧幓绂诲瓙姘村啿娲楃數鏋侊紝骞跺涓婅鏈夊弬姣旂數瑙ｆ恫鐨勪繚婀垮附銆侟/span>