Purity[纯度] |
99.98% |
Temper[状态] |
Annealed |
Thickness[厚度] |
1mm |
Typical Analysis(典型分析) |
Ag |
<1 PPM |
Al |
<1 PPM |
B |
<3 PPM |
Ba |
<2 PPM |
Be |
<1 PPM |
Bi |
<20 PPM |
Ca |
15 PPM |
Cd |
<2 PPM |
Co |
<1 PPM |
Cr |
<1 PPM |
Cu |
10 PPM |
Fe |
40 PPM |
Li |
<2 PPM |
Mg |
10 PPM |
Mn |
2 PPM |
Na |
<5 PPM |
Ni |
<1 PPM |
Pb |
<10 PPM |
Si |
20 PPM |
Sn |
<2 PPM |
Ti |
<3 PPM |
V |
<1 PPM |
Zn |
<1 PPM |
Mechanical Properties(机械性能) |
Bulk modulus ( GPa ) ( Hard ) |
261.2 |
Bulk modulus ( GPa ) ( Soft ) |
261.2 |
Hardness - Vickers ( kgf mm?? ) ( Hard ) |
250 |
Hardness - Vickers ( kgf mm?? ) ( Soft ) |
200 |
Material condition |
Hard |
Material condition |
Soft |
Poisson's ratio ( Hard ) |
0.293 |
Poisson's ratio ( Soft ) |
0.293 |
Tensile modulus ( GPa ) ( Hard ) |
324.80 |
Tensile modulus ( GPa ) ( Soft ) |
324.80 |
Tensile strength ( MPa ) ( Hard ) |
620.00 - 690.00 |
Tensile strength ( MPa ) ( Soft ) |
485.00 - 550.00 |
Yield strength ( MPa ) ( Hard ) |
550.0 |
Yield strength ( MPa ) ( Soft ) |
415.0 - 450.0 |
Thermal Properties(热性能) |
Coefficient of thermal expansion ( x10?? K?? ) |
5.100 @0-100℃ |
Latent heat of evaporation ( J g?? ) |
6153 |
Latent heat of fusion ( J g?? ) |
290.00 |
Melting point ( C ) |
2617.00 |
Specific heat ( J K?? kg?? ) |
251.0 @25℃ |
Thermal conductivity ( W m?? K?? ) |
138.00 @0-100℃ |
Atomic Properties(原子属性) |
Atomic number |
42 |
Atomic weight ( amu ) |
95.94000 |
Crystal structure |
Body Centred Cubic |
Electronic structure |
Kr4d?5s? |
Ionisation potential ( No./eV ) |
2 / 16.15 |
Ionisation potential ( No./eV ) |
5 / 61.2 |
Ionisation potential ( No./eV ) |
6 / 68 |
Ionisation potential ( No./eV ) |
1 / 7.10 |
Ionisation potential ( No./eV ) |
3 / 27.2 |
Ionisation potential ( No./eV ) |
4 / 46.4 |
Natural isotope distribution ( Mass No./% ) |
95 / 15.9 |
Natural isotope distribution ( Mass No./% ) |
96 / 16.7 |
Natural isotope distribution ( Mass No./% ) |
98 / 24.1 |
Natural isotope distribution ( Mass No./% ) |
97 / 9.6 |
Natural isotope distribution ( Mass No./% ) |
92 / 14.8 |
Natural isotope distribution ( Mass No./% ) |
94 / 9.3 |
Natural isotope distribution ( Mass No./% ) |
100 / 9.6 |
Photo-electric work function ( eV ) |
4.20 |
Thermal neutron absorption cross-section ( Barns ) |
2.6500 |
Valences shown |
2 , 3, 4, 5, 6 |
Electrical Properties(电气特性) |
Electrical resistivity ( μOhmcm ) |
5.7@20℃ |
Superconductivity critical temperature ( K ) |
0.9150 |
Temperature coefficient ( K?? ) |
0.00435 @0-100℃ |
Thermal emf against Pt (cold 0C - hot 100C) ( mV ) |
1.45 |
Physical Properties(物理性质) |
Boiling point ( C ) |
4612 |
Density ( g cm?? ) |
10.220 @20℃ |